The detailed process of PCB customization involves multiple steps, from design to finished product. The following is the detailed process:
- Determine the requirements: Clarify the purpose, function, size, layout and other requirements of the PCB. This requires full communication with the design team or engineers to ensure that the requirements are accurately understood.
- Design schematic diagram: Use circuit design software, such as Eagle, Altium Designer, etc., to design the circuit diagram of the PCB based on the schematic diagram. In this step, it is necessary to determine the packaging form of each component and the connection method between them.
- Confirm the schematic diagram: After completing the schematic diagram design, you need to confirm the correctness of the schematic diagram with relevant personnel to ensure that there are no errors or omissions.
- PCB layout: According to the schematic diagram, start the PCB layout design. This requires consideration of factors such as PCB size, component placement, wiring direction and density. At the same time, PCB design rules and specifications also need to be followed to ensure that the PCB has good manufacturability and reliability.
- PCB wiring: After determining the PCB layout, start the wiring design. When wiring, factors such as the flow direction of the signal, the connection between components, the width and spacing of the wiring, the number and location of vias, etc. need to be considered. At the same time, PCB wiring rules and specifications also need to be followed to ensure that the PCB has good electrical performance and reliability.
- Export the gerber file: After completing the PCB layout and wiring, you need to export the design data as a gerber file. Gerber files are a standard file format used to describe the physical structure and electrical properties of PCBs.
- PCB production: Submit the gerber file to the PCB manufacturer for production. At this step, it is necessary to communicate with the manufacturer to clarify the production requirements and process requirements to ensure that the quality and delivery time of the PCB meet the requirements.
- PCB quality inspection: After the PCB production is completed, quality inspection is required. This includes appearance inspection, dimensional inspection, electrical performance inspection, etc. Appearance inspection mainly checks whether there are defects, stains, scratches and other problems on the PCB surface; dimensional inspection mainly checks whether the size of the PCB meets the requirements; electrical performance inspection mainly checks whether the components on the PCB are working normally and whether the signals are transmitted normally, etc.
- Assembly and debugging: If the test results meet the requirements, the PCB can be assembled and debugged. Assembly is soldering components to the PCB, and debugging is checking whether the PCB is functioning properly. If problems are found, they need to be repaired or re-produced.
- Testing and acceptance: After completing assembly and debugging, the PCB needs to be tested and accepted. Testing is mainly to verify the various functions of the PCB to ensure that its performance meets the requirements; acceptance is to check whether the quality, appearance and other aspects of the PCB meet the requirements, and sign the acceptance report.
- Document sorting and archiving: Finally, the entire PCB customization process needs to be documented and archived, including requirement documents, schematics, PCB layout drawings, gerber files, production process requirements, etc. These documents are very important for subsequent maintenance and use and can provide detailed information about PCB design and production.
In short, PCB customization is a complex process involving multiple links and steps.
In order to ensure the quality and reliability of the final product, it is necessary to strictly follow relevant rules and specifications throughout the entire process, and to fully communicate and collaborate with personnel in each link.